411+ of the Hardest Words to Pronounce in English (& Examples)

Are you ready to tackle some of the hardest words to pronounce in English? This article explores over 411 words that are hard to pronounce in English. Many words can twist your tongue and challenge your vocal cords, but these are some of the most challenging!

You’ll encounter fascinating terms and discover a few tongue twisters along the way. Whether you’re a language enthusiast, learning English, or just looking to impress others, this guide will help you navigate these tricky pronunciations.

Why is it Important to Pronounce Words Correctly?

Pronouncing words correctly is important for clear communication. When you speak clearly, people understand you better and avoid confusion.

Proper pronunciation also helps you sound more professional and confident, especially in formal settings. It can improve your social and work interactions, making conversations smoother and more effective. Additionally, correct pronunciation shows respect for the language and the people you’re speaking to, helping you build stronger connections with other people.

With that in mind, let’s dive into the world of words that are hard to pronounce in English and enhance your speaking skills!

411+ Difficult Words to Pronounce in English

Here are over 400 of the hardest words to pronounce in English. Why not have a go and see if you can master them? If you’re not able to pronounce a word straight away don’t be discouraged. Even the best English speakers would find some of these words challenging! Let’s see how you get on.

Aberration

How to pronounce aberration: ab-uh-REY-shun
Phonetic transcription: /ˌæbəˈreɪʃən/
Meaning: A departure from what is normal or expected.
Example: The sudden snowstorm in April was an aberration from the usual spring weather.

Abstruse

How to pronounce abstruse: ab-STROOS
Phonetic transcription: /æbˈstruːs/
Meaning: Difficult to understand; obscure.
Example: The concept was so abstruse that few could grasp it.

Accede

How to pronounce accede: uhk-SEED
Phonetic transcription: / əkˈsiːd /
Meaning: To agree to a request or demand.
Example: The council finally acceded to the citizens’ requests for improved infrastructure.

Accessory

How to pronounce accessory: uhk-SES-uh-ree
Phonetic transcription: / əkˈsesəri /
Meaning: A small item added to clothing to enhance appearance.
Example: She added a stylish accessory to complete her outfit.

Acquiescent

How to pronounce acquiescent: ak-wee-ES-uhnt
Phonetic transcription: /ˌakwēˈesənt/
Meaning: Ready to accept something without protest; compliant.
Example: He was acquiescent in the decision, agreeing without hesitation.

Adamant

How to pronounce adamant: AD-uh-muhnt
Phonetic transcription: / ˈædəmənt /
Meaning: Unwilling to change an opinion or decision.
Example: He remained adamant about his decision, despite the objections.

Adroit

How to pronounce adroit: uh-DROIT
Phonetic transcription: /əˈdrɔɪt/
Meaning: Skillful and clever in handling situations.
Example: The artist was adroit at using color to create depth.

Adumbrate

How to pronounce adumbrate: ad-UHM-breyt
Phonetic transcription: / ˈædəmbreɪt /
Meaning: To hint or suggest a basic outline.
Example: The proposal adumbrated the broad goals of the project, but details were missing.

Agoraphobia

How to pronounce agoraphobia: uh-GAW-ruh-foh-bee-uh
Phonetic transcription: / ˌæɡərəˈfəʊbiə /
Meaning: The fear of being in places where escape might be difficult.
Example: Her agoraphobia made it challenging to visit crowded places.

Albeit

How to pronounce albeit: all-BEE-it
Phonetic transcription: / ɒlˈbiːət /
Meaning: Even though; although.
Example: He accepted the new position, albeit with some reservations.

Alias

How to pronounce alias: AY-lee-uhs
Phonetic transcription: / ˈeɪliəs /
Meaning: A name someone assumes temporarily.
Example: The criminal operated under an alias to avoid detection.

Almond

How to pronounce almond: AL-muhnd
Phonetic transcription: / ˈɑːmənd /
Meaning: A small, oval-shaped nut.
Example: She added sliced almonds to the salad for a crunchy texture.

Anathema

How to pronounce anathema: uh-NATH-uh-muh
Phonetic transcription: / əˈnæθəmə /
Meaning: Something or someone intensely disliked.
Example: Dishonesty is an anathema to him, and he refuses to tolerate it.

Anemone

How to pronounce anemone: uh-NEM-uh-nee
Phonetic transcription: / əˈneməni /
Meaning: A small, colorful plant often found in gardens or the ocean.
Example: The vibrant colors of the anemone brightened up the flower bed.

Anesthetist

How to pronounce anesthetist: uh-NETH-uh-tist
Phonetic transcription: / əˈniːsθətɪst /
Meaning: A medical professional who administers anesthesia.
Example: The anesthetist ensured the patient was completely unconscious before surgery.

Aneurysm

How to pronounce aneurysm: uh-NUR-izm
Phonetic transcription: / ˈænjəˌrɪzəm /
Meaning: A localized swelling in the wall of an artery.
Example: The doctor discovered an aneurysm during the routine scan.

Antarctic

How to pronounce antarctic: ant-AARK-tik
Phonetic transcription: / ænˈtɑːktɪk /
Meaning: The cold region located at the Earth’s southernmost part.
Example: Scientists traveled to the Antarctic for climate research.

Anthropomorphism

How to pronounce anthropomorphism: an-thruh-puh-MAWR-fiz-uhm
Phonetic transcription: / ˌænθrəʊpəʊˈmɔːfˌɪzəm /
Meaning: Attributing human traits to animals or objects.
Example: Children’s stories often use anthropomorphism, giving animals human-like qualities.

Antidisestablishmentarianism

How to pronounce antidisestablishmentarianism: an-teye-dis-es-tab-lish-muhnt-air-ee-uh-niz-uhm
Phonetic transcription: / ˌæntidɪsəˌstæbləʃmənˈteriənɪzəm /
Meaning: The opposition to the separation of church and state.
Example: The debate on antidisestablishmentarianism was particularly heated in the 19th century.

Aplomb

How to pronounce aplomb: uh-PLOM
Phonetic transcription: /əˈplɒm/
Meaning: Self-confidence or assurance, especially in demanding situations.
Example: She handled the interview with aplomb, impressing the panel.

Apocryphal

How to pronounce apocryphal: uh-PAHK-ruh-fuhl
Phonetic transcription: / əˈpɑːkrəfl̩ /
Meaning: Of doubtful origin or authenticity.
Example: The story about the treasure was apocryphal, with no real evidence to support it.

Archetype

How to pronounce archetype: AHR-kih-t
Phonetic transcription: / ˈɑːrkəˌtaɪp /
Meaning: A perfect example or typical model of something.
Example: He was the archetype of a brave hero, always ready to help others.

Archipelago

How to pronounce archipelago: AHR-kih-pel-uh-goh
Phonetic transcription: / ˌɑːrkəˈpeləˌɡoʊ /
Meaning: A chain or group of islands.
Example: The Hawaiian archipelago is a popular destination for tourists.

Ascetic

How to pronounce ascetic: ASS-et-ick
Phonetic transcription: / əˈsetɪk /
Meaning: A person who practices severe self-discipline.
Example: The monk lived an ascetic lifestyle, free from material comforts.

Assiduous

How to pronounce assiduous: uh-SID-yoo-uhs
Phonetic transcription: /əˈsɪdʒuəs/
Meaning: Showing great care, attention, and effort in tasks.
Example: His assiduous work ethic led to his promotion.

Asterisk

How to pronounce asterisk: AY-stuh-risk
Phonetic transcription: / ˈæstərɪsk /
Meaning: The symbol used to mark important information (*).
Example: Make sure to note the asterisk indicating additional terms at the bottom of the page.

Athlete

How to pronounce athlete: ATH-leet
Phonetic transcription: / ˈæθˌlit /
Meaning: A person proficient in sports or physical activities.
Example: The athlete trained rigorously for the upcoming competition.

Attenuate

How to pronounce attenuate: uh-TEN-yoo-ate
Phonetic transcription: /əˈtɛnjuːeɪt/
Meaning: To reduce the force, effect, or value of something.
Example: The medication helped to attenuate the pain.

Bacteriology

How to pronounce bacteriology: bak-teer-ee-AWL-uh-jee
Phonetic transcription: / bækˌtɪəriˈɒlədʒi /
Meaning: The scientific study of bacteria.
Example: She decided to focus her research on bacteriology, exploring various strains of bacteria.

Beguile

How to pronounce beguile: bee-GYLE
Phonetic transcription: / bɪˈɡaɪl /
Meaning: To trick or mislead someone through charm or deception.
Example: He used his charm to beguile the audience into believing his false claims.

Belligerent

How to pronounce belligerent: buh-LIJ-er-uhnt
Phonetic transcription: /bəˈlɪdʒərənt/
Meaning: Hostile and aggressive.
Example: The belligerent customer caused a scene in the store.

Benign

How to pronounce benign: bih-NINE
Phonetic transcription: /bɪˈnaɪn/
Meaning: Gentle and kindly; not harmful in effect.
Example: The tumor was determined to be benign, causing no concern.

Blasphemy

How to pronounce blasphemy: BLAS-fuh-mee
Phonetic transcription: / ˈblæsfəmi /
Meaning: Disrespectful talk or actions concerning God or sacred things.
Example: The priest condemned the remarks as an act of blasphemy.

Bombastic

How to pronounce bombastic: bom-BAS-tik
Phonetic transcription: /bɑːmˈbæstɪk/
Meaning: High-sounding but with little meaning; inflated.
Example: His bombastic speech failed to persuade the audience.

Bouquet

How to pronounce bouquet: boo-KAY
Phonetic transcription: / buːˈkeɪ /
Meaning: A collection of flowers arranged together, often given as a gift.
Example: She received a beautiful bouquet of roses for her birthday.

Bourbon

How to pronounce bourbon: BER-buhn
Phonetic transcription: / ˈbɝːbən /
Meaning: A whiskey made mainly from corn, typically produced in the United States.
Example: He ordered a glass of bourbon to go with his dinner.

Bourgeois

How to pronounce bourgeois: boor-zhwah
Phonetic transcription: / ˈbʊrʒwɑː /
Meaning: Relating to the middle class, often associated with materialistic values or conventional attitudes.
Example: The bourgeois family valued tradition and financial security above all else.

Brewery

How to pronounce brewery: BREW-uh-ree
Phonetic transcription: / ˈbruːəri /
Meaning: A facility where beer is manufactured.
Example: They toured the local brewery to learn about the beer-making process.

Broccoli

How to pronounce broccoli: BROK-uh-lee
Phonetic transcription: / ˈbrɑːkəli /
Meaning: A green vegetable with branching stalks and florets that resemble small trees.
Example: She steamed some broccoli as a side dish for dinner.

Buoy

How to pronounce buoy: boy
Phonetic transcription: / ˈbuːi /
Meaning: A floating marker used to show locations or warn of dangers in the water.
Example: The sailor spotted a buoy marking the edge of the harbor.

Bureaucracy

How to pronounce bureaucracy: byoo-ROK-ruh-see
Phonetic transcription: / bjʊəˈrɒkrəsi /
Meaning: A system of administration that involves complex and excessive procedures.
Example: The company faced delays due to government bureaucracy and paperwork.

Bury

How to pronounce bury: BER-ee
Phonetic transcription: / ˈberi /
Meaning: To place something, typically a body, underground.
Example: They decided to bury the time capsule in the schoolyard for future students to find.

Cacciatore

How to pronounce cacciatore: kuh-chuh-TAWR-ee
Phonetic transcription: / katʃəˈtɔːri /
Meaning: Prepared in a spicy tomato-based sauce, usually with mushrooms and herbs.
Example: She served chicken cacciatore for dinner, and the rich tomato sauce was delicious.

Cache

How to pronounce cache: kash
Phonetic transcription: / ˈkæʃ /
Meaning: A secret place for hiding or storing things.
Example: They found a cache of ancient coins buried in the woods.

Cacophony

How to pronounce cacophony: kuh-KOF-uh-nee
Phonetic transcription: / kæˈkɒfəni /
Meaning: A harsh and unpleasant mixture of sounds.
Example: The traffic outside created a cacophony that drowned out the conversation.

Cajole

How to pronounce cajole: kuh-JOHL
Phonetic transcription: / kəˈdʒoʊl /
Meaning: To convince someone to do something by being friendly or flattering.
Example: She tried to cajole her friend into going to the party with her.

Calligraphy

How to pronounce calligraphy: kuh-LIG-ruh-fee
Phonetic transcription: / kəˈlɪɡrəfi /
Meaning: Decorative handwriting or handwritten lettering.
Example: She admired the calligraphy on the wedding invitations.

Callous

How to pronounce Callous: KAL-us
Phonetic transcription: / ˈkæləs /
Meaning: Lacking sympathy or emotion; showing a hard-hearted attitude.
Example: His callous disregard for others’ feelings hurt the group.

Camaraderie

How to pronounce camaraderie: KAM-ruh-duh-ree
Phonetic transcription: / ˌkæməˈrɑːdəri /
Meaning: A sense of close friendship and trust among people who spend time together.
Example: The team shared a strong camaraderie, built over years of playing together.

Camouflage

How to pronounce camouflage: KAM-uh-flahj
Phonetic transcription: / ˈkæməˌflɑːʒ /
Meaning: A method of concealing people or objects by making them appear part of their surroundings.
Example: The soldiers used camouflage to blend into the environment.

Candidate

How to pronounce candidate: KAND-uh-deyt
Phonetic transcription: / ˈkændədet /
Meaning: A person applying for a job or running for office.
Example: He was a strong candidate for the position due to his experience.

Capacious

How to pronounce capacious: kuh-PAY-shuhs
Phonetic transcription: / kəˈpeɪʃəs /
Meaning: Having a lot of space; roomy.
Example: The capacious bag held all her belongings comfortably.

Capricious

How to pronounce capricious: kuh-PRIH-shuhs
Phonetic transcription: /kəˈprɪʃəs/
Meaning: Given to sudden changes of mood or behavior; fickle.
Example: The capricious weather made planning difficult.

Caramel

How to pronounce Caramel: KAR-uh-mel
Phonetic transcription: / ˈkerəməl /
Meaning: A smooth, sweet candy made by heating sugar until it turns brown.
Example: The ice cream was topped with a generous drizzle of caramel.

Caricature

How to pronounce caricature: kuh-RIK-uh-cher
Phonetic transcription: / ˈkerəkətʃər /
Meaning: A picture or description that humorously exaggerates certain traits.
Example: The artist drew a funny caricature of the celebrity, with an oversized head.

Castigate

How to pronounce castigate: KAS-ti-gate
Phonetic transcription: /ˈkæstɪɡeɪt/
Meaning: To reprimand someone severely.
Example: The teacher had to castigate the students for their poor behavior.

Cataclysm

How to pronounce cataclysm: kat-uh-KLIZ-uhm
Phonetic transcription: / ˈkætəˌklɪzəm /
Meaning: A sudden and violent change in the environment or society.
Example: The flood was a cataclysm that reshaped the landscape.

Catharsis

How to pronounce catharsis: kuh-THAR-sis
Phonetic transcription: / kəˈθɑːr.sɪs /
Meaning: The process of releasing and thereby providing relief from strong emotions.
Example: Writing in her journal provided a much-needed catharsis.

Caustic

How to pronounce caustic: KAW-stik
Phonetic transcription: / ˈkɔːstɪk /
Meaning: Able to burn or corrode organic tissue.
Example: The caustic chemicals required careful handling.

Cavalry

How to pronounce cavalry: KAV-uhl-ree
Phonetic transcription: / ˈkævəlri /
Meaning: Soldiers who fought on horseback or modern troops in armored vehicles.
Example: The cavalry charged into battle, overwhelming the enemy.

Chagrin

How to pronounce chagrin: shuh-GRIN
Phonetic transcription: / ʃəˈɡrɪn /
Meaning: Distress or embarrassment caused by failure.
Example: To her chagrin, she forgot the presentation materials.

Chandelier

How to pronounce chandelier: shan-duh-LIR
Phonetic transcription: / ˌʃændəˈlɪr /
Meaning: A decorative lighting fixture suspended from the ceiling.
Example: The chandelier added elegance to the dining room.

Chaos

How to pronounce chaos: KAY-ahs
Phonetic transcription: / ˈkeɪas /
Meaning: Complete confusion and disorder.
Example: The unexpected storm caused chaos at the airport, with flights delayed and cancellations.

Charcuterie

How to pronounce charcuterie: shahr-KOO-tuh-REE
Phonetic transcription: / ʃɑːrˈkuːtəri /
Meaning: The art of preparing and arranging cured meats.
Example: The charcuterie board was filled with an array of delicious meats and cheeses.

Charismatic

How to pronounce charismatic: kar-iz-MAT-ik
Phonetic transcription: / ˌkærɪzˈmætɪk /
Meaning: Possessing a compelling charm or appeal.
Example: His charismatic leadership inspired the team.

Chauvinism

How to pronounce chauvinism: SHOH-vuh-niz-uhm
Phonetic transcription: / ˈʃoʊvɪnɪzəm /
Meaning: Excessive and aggressive loyalty to one’s own country, gender, or group.
Example: His extreme chauvinism made it difficult to have open discussions.

Chicanery

How to pronounce chicanery: shi-KAY-nuh-ree
Phonetic transcription: /ʃɪˈkeɪnəri/
Meaning: The use of trickery to achieve a political, financial, or legal purpose.
Example: The politician was accused of chicanery during the election.

Chimpanzee

How to pronounce chimpanzee: CHIMP-uhn-zee
Phonetic transcription: / ˌtʃɪmpænˈziː /
Meaning: A species of great ape, closely related to humans.
Example: The chimpanzee swung from tree to tree in the forest.

Chipotle

How to pronounce chipotle: chi-POAT-lee
Phonetic transcription: / tʃɪˈpɒtleɪ /
Meaning: A smoked and dried chili pepper used in cooking.
Example: The chipotle peppers added a smoky flavor to the dish.

Choir

How to pronounce choir: KWAI-er
Phonetic transcription: / ˈkwaɪər /
Meaning: A group of people who sing together, usually in a church or concert setting.
Example: The choir sang beautifully during the holiday concert.

Choreography

How to pronounce choreography: kaw-ree-OG-ruh-fee
Phonetic transcription: / ˌkɔːrɪˈɒɡrəfi /
Meaning: The art of designing sequences of movements in dance.
Example: The choreography for the performance was breathtaking.

Chronological

How to pronounce chronological: kron-uh-LOJ-ik-uhl
Phonetic transcription: / ˌkrɒnəˈlɒdʒɪkəl /
Meaning: Arranged in the order of time.
Example: The report was organized in chronological order for clarity.

Circa

How to pronounce circa: SUR-kuh
Phonetic transcription: / ˈsɜːrkə /
Meaning: Approximately, usually used with dates.
Example: The artifact dates circa 300 B.C.

Circumspect

How to pronounce circumspect: SUR-kum-spekt
Phonetic transcription: /ˈsɜrkəmspɛkt/
Meaning: Wary and unwilling to take risks; cautious.
Example: She was circumspect in her approach to the investment.

Cliché

How to pronounce cliché: klee-SHAY
Phonetic transcription: / kliːˈʃeɪ /
Meaning: An overused expression or idea.
Example: The phrase became a cliché after being repeated too often.

Clothes

How to pronounce clothes: KLOHZ
Phonetic transcription: / kloʊðz /
Meaning: Items worn to cover the body.
Example: She packed her clothes for the weekend trip.

Cocoa

How to pronounce cocoa: KOH-koh
Phonetic transcription: / ˈkoʊkoʊ /
Meaning: A powder made from roasted and ground cacao beans, used to make chocolate.
Example: She added a spoonful of cocoa to her hot drink.

Coerce

How to pronounce coerce: koh-URS
Phonetic transcription: / koʊˈɜːrs /
Meaning: To persuade someone to do something by using threats or force.
Example: He felt coerced into signing the contract.

Cogent

How to pronounce cogent: KOH-juhnt
Phonetic transcription: /ˈkoʊdʒənt/
Meaning: Clear, logical, and convincing in argument or presentation.
Example: His cogent reasoning won over the skeptics.

Cognizant

How to pronounce cognizant: KOG-nuh-zuhnt
Phonetic transcription: / ˈkɒɡnɪzənt /
Meaning: Being aware or knowledgeable about something.
Example: She was cognizant of the risks involved.

Colloquialism

How to pronounce colloquialism: kuh-LOH-kwee-uh-liz-uhm
Phonetic transcription: / kəˈləʊkwɪəlɪzəm /
Meaning: A word or phrase used in everyday, informal language.
Example: The use of “gonna” instead of “going to” is a common colloquialism.

Colonel

How to pronounce colonel: KER-nuhl
Phonetic transcription: / ˈkɜːnl̩ /
Meaning: A high-ranking military officer, typically in charge of a regiment.
Example: The colonel commanded his troops with authority.

Comfortable

How to pronounce comfortable: KUM-fuhr-tuh-buhl
Phonetic transcription: / ˈkʌmftəbl̩ /
Meaning: Feeling relaxed and free from physical discomfort.
Example: She made herself comfortable on the soft couch.

Complacent

How to pronounce complacent: kum-PLAY-suhnt
Phonetic transcription: / kəmˈpleɪsənt /
Meaning: Showing smug satisfaction with oneself or achievements.
Example: The team’s complacent attitude led to their downfall.

Concede

How to pronounce concede: kuhn-SEED
Phonetic transcription: / kənˈsiːd /
Meaning: To admit that something is true, often reluctantly.
Example: He had to concede that he was wrong.

Confluence

How to pronounce confluence: KAHN-flu-uhns
Phonetic transcription: / ˈkɒnfluəns /
Meaning: The act of two or more things coming together.
Example: The confluence of ideas led to a successful project.

Connecticut

How to pronounce connecticut: kon-uh-NEHK-ut
Phonetic transcription: / kəˈnetɪkət /
Meaning: A northeastern state in the United States.
Example: They visited Connecticut for a weekend getaway.

Connoisseur

How to pronounce connoisseur: kon-uh-SER
Phonetic transcription: / ˌkɒnəˈsɜː /
Meaning: A person with expert knowledge in a particular field, often art or food.
Example: He was a connoisseur of fine wines and could distinguish the best vintages.

Conscience

How to pronounce conscience: KON-shuhns
Phonetic transcription: / ˈkɒnʃəns /
Meaning: An internal sense of right and wrong that guides actions.
Example: Her conscience told her to return the lost wallet.

Conspicuous

How to pronounce conspicuous: kuhn-SPIK-yoo-uhs
Phonetic transcription: / kənˈspɪk.ju.əs /
Meaning: Easily seen or noticed; attracting attention.
Example: His bright tie was conspicuous in the crowd.

Convoluted

How to pronounce convoluted: KON-vuh-loo-ted
Phonetic transcription: /ˈkɒnvəˌluːtɪd/
Meaning: Extremely complex and difficult to follow.
Example: The plot was so convoluted that I lost track of the characters.

Conundrum

How to pronounce conundrum: kuh-NUN-druhm
Phonetic transcription: / kəˈnʌndrəm /
Meaning: A confusing or difficult problem.
Example: Solving the conundrum took hours of brainstorming.

Copious

How to pronounce copious: KOH-pee-uhs
Phonetic transcription: / ˈkoʊpiəs /
Meaning: Abundant in quantity; plentiful.
Example: She took copious notes during the lecture.

Corroborate

How to pronounce corroborate: kuh-ROB-uh-rate
Phonetic transcription: / kəˈrɒbəreɪt /
Meaning: To confirm or give support to a statement or theory.
Example: The witness’s testimony helped corroborate his alibi.

Coup

How to pronounce coup: koo
Phonetic transcription: / ˈkuː /
Meaning: A sudden, often violent, takeover of a government.
Example: The military staged a coup, ousting the current leadership.

Covert

How to pronounce covert: KOH-vert
Phonetic transcription: /ˈkoʊvərt/
Meaning: Not openly acknowledged or displayed; secretive.
Example: The covert operations were conducted under strict secrecy.

Crescendo

How to pronounce crescendo: kruh-SHEN-doh
Phonetic transcription: / krəˈʃɛndəʊ /
Meaning: A gradual increase in loudness or intensity.
Example: The music built to a crescendo that filled the room.

Cryptic

How to pronounce cryptic: KRIP-tik
Phonetic transcription: /ˈkrɪptɪk/
Meaning: Having a meaning that is mysterious or obscure.
Example: His message was so cryptic that no one could decipher it.

Cryptography

How to pronounce cryptography: krip-TAW-gree-fee
Phonetic transcription: / krɪpˈtɒɡrəfi /
Meaning: The study and practice of secure communication through code.
Example: He was fascinated by cryptography and spent hours deciphering codes.

Curmudgeon

How to pronounce curmudgeon: kur-MUHJ-uhn
Phonetic transcription: / kɜːˈmʌdʒən /
Meaning: A bad-tempered or irritable person.
Example: The old man was known as a curmudgeon who complained about everything.

Cursory

How to pronounce cursory: KUR-suh-ree
Phonetic transcription: /ˈkɜːrsəri/
Meaning: Hasty and therefore not thorough or detailed.
Example: She gave the report a cursory glance before the meeting.

Cyanosis

How to pronounce cyanosis: SY-uh-noh-sis
Phonetic transcription: / ˌsaɪəˈnəʊsɪs /
Meaning: A condition where the skin turns blue due to poor blood circulation or lack of oxygen.
Example: The doctor recognized the patient’s cyanosis as a sign of a respiratory problem.

Cynical

How to pronounce cynical: SIN-ih-kal
Phonetic transcription: / ˈsɪnɪkəl /
Meaning: Believing that people are motivated by self-interest; distrustful of human sincerity.
Example: His cynical view of politics made him reluctant to vote.

Cytology

How to pronounce cytology: sy-TAW-luh-jee
Phonetic transcription: / saɪˈtɒlədʒi /
Meaning: The study of cells, their structure, and function.
Example: She specializes in cytology, focusing on cancerous cells.

Data

How to pronounce data: day-tuh
Phonetic transcription: / ˈdeɪtə /
Meaning: Information that is used for analysis or calculation.
Example: The data was analyzed for trends in customer behavior.

Dearth

How to pronounce dearth: durth
Phonetic transcription: / dɜːrθ /
Meaning: A scarcity or lack of something.
Example: There was a dearth of information on the topic.

Debauch

How to pronounce debauch: di-bawch
Phonetic transcription: / dɪˈbɔːtʃ /
Meaning: To lead someone into immoral or corrupt behavior.
Example: The villain tried to debauch the innocent villagers.

Debilitate

How to pronounce debilitate: dih-BIL-ih-tate
Phonetic transcription: / dɪˈbɪlɪteɪt /
Meaning: To make someone weak or infirm.
Example: The illness can debilitate even the strongest individuals.

Debris

How to pronounce debris: DEB-ree
Phonetic transcription: / dəˈbriː /
Meaning: The scattered remains of something that has been broken or destroyed.
Example: After the storm, debris covered the streets.

Debut

How to pronounce debut: dey-BYOO
Phonetic transcription: / ˈdeɪbjuː /
Meaning: The first public appearance or performance.
Example: The actor made her film debut last night.

Decipher

How to pronounce decipher: dih-SY-fur
Phonetic transcription: / dɪˈsaɪfə /
Meaning: To convert a text written in code into ordinary language.
Example: She managed to decipher the ancient script.

Decrepit

How to pronounce decrepit: dih-KREP-it
Phonetic transcription: / dəˈkrepət /
Meaning: In a very weak condition due to old age or neglect.
Example: The decrepit building was finally torn down.

Defenestration

How to pronounce defenestration: dee-fen-uh-STRAY-shun
Phonetic transcription: /diːˌfɛnəsˈtreɪʃən/
Meaning: The act of throwing someone or something out of a window.
Example: The film featured a dramatic defenestration scene.

Defibrillator

How to pronounce defibrillator: dih-FIB-ri-ley-ter
Phonetic transcription: / diˈfɪbrəˌletər /
Meaning: A medical device that delivers an electric shock to the heart to restore a normal rhythm.
Example: The doctor used the defibrillator to restart the patient’s heart.

Delineate

How to pronounce delineate: dih-LIN-ee-ate
Phonetic transcription: / dɪˈlɪnɪeɪt /
Meaning: To describe or portray something precisely.
Example: The report will delineate the project’s goals.

Demagogue

How to pronounce demagogue: dem-uh-gog
Phonetic transcription: / ˈdeməɡɒɡ /
Meaning: A leader who seeks support by appealing to emotions rather than reason.
Example: The demagogue stirred the crowd with fiery speeches.

Demure

How to pronounce demure: dih-MYOOR
Phonetic transcription: / dɪˈmjʊr /
Meaning: Reserved, modest, or shy in behavior.
Example: Her demure demeanor caught his attention.

Dengue

How to pronounce dengue: DEN-gyoo
Phonetic transcription: / ˈdenɡ /
Meaning: A mosquito-borne viral illness causing fever and joint pain.
Example: She contracted dengue while traveling in tropical regions.

Denigrate

How to pronounce denigrate: DEN-ih-grayt
Phonetic transcription: / ˈdɛnɪɡreɪt /
Meaning: To criticize unfairly; to disparage.
Example: He did not want to denigrate her achievements.

Derivative

How to pronounce derivative: dih-RIV-uh-tiv
Phonetic transcription: / dɪˈrɪvɪtɪv /
Meaning: Imitative of the work of another person, often lacking originality.
Example: The film was criticized for its derivative storyline.

Deteriorate

How to pronounce deteriorate: dih-TEER-ee-uh-rayt
Phonetic transcription: / dəˈtɪriəˌret /
Meaning: To decline in condition or quality.
Example: His health began to deteriorate after the accident.

Diaphanous

How to pronounce diaphanous: dy-uh-fuh-nuhs
Phonetic transcription: / daɪˈæfənəs /
Meaning: Very light and transparent, often describing fabric.
Example: She wore a diaphanous gown that shimmered in the light.

Diaphragm

How to pronounce diaphragm: dy-uh-fram
Phonetic transcription: / ˈdaɪəfræm /
Meaning: A muscle that plays a major role in breathing, separating the chest from the abdomen.
Example: The singer practiced using her diaphragm for better breath control.

Dilate

How to pronounce dilate: DY-layt
Phonetic transcription: / daɪˈleɪt /
Meaning: To expand or make wider.
Example: The doctor used drops to dilate the patient’s pupils.

Diligent

How to pronounce diligent: DIL-i-juhnt
Phonetic transcription: / ˈdɪlɪdʒənt /
Meaning: Showing care and effort in one’s work or duties.
Example: She was diligent in completing her assignments on time.

Disdain

How to pronounce disdain: dis-DANE
Phonetic transcription: / dɪsˈdeɪn /
Meaning: The feeling that someone or something is unworthy of respect.
Example: He looked at the messy room with disdain.

Disparate

How to pronounce disparate: DIS-puh-rit
Phonetic transcription: /ˈdɪspərət/
Meaning: Essentially different in kind; not allowing comparison.
Example: The team brought together disparate backgrounds to achieve common goals.

Disseminate

How to pronounce disseminate: dih-SEM-uh-nayt
Phonetic transcription: / dɪˈsɛmɪneɪt /
Meaning: To spread or disperse information widely.
Example: The organization aims to disseminate knowledge about health.

Dissipate

How to pronounce dissipate: DIS-ih-payt
Phonetic transcription: / ˈdɪsɪpeɪt /
Meaning: To disappear or cause to disappear.
Example: The fog will dissipate as the sun rises.

Dissonance

How to pronounce Dissonance: DIS-uh-nuhns
Phonetic transcription: /ˈdɪsənəns/
Meaning: Lack of harmony or agreement.
Example: There was a noticeable dissonance between his words and actions.

Divergent

How to pronounce divergent: di-VUR-juhnt
Phonetic transcription: / daɪˈvɜːrdʒənt /
Meaning: Tending to be different or develop in different directions.
Example: Their divergent opinions sparked a lively debate.

Dossier

How to pronounce dossier: DOS-ee-ay
Phonetic transcription: / ˈdɔːsi.eɪ /
Meaning: A collection of documents about a particular person or topic.
Example: The dossier provided detailed background information.

Drawer

How to pronounce drawer: draw-er
Phonetic transcription: / drɔː /
Meaning: A sliding compartment used for storage in furniture.
Example: She opened the drawer to find the missing keys.

Dubious

How to pronounce dubious: DOO-bee-uhs
Phonetic transcription: /ˈdjuːbiəs/
Meaning: Hesitating or doubting; not to be relied upon.
Example: His dubious claims raised eyebrows among the experts.

Ebullient

How to pronounce ebullient: ih-BUL-yuhnt
Phonetic transcription: /ɪˈbʌljənt/
Meaning: Cheerful and full of energy.
Example: The ebullient crowd celebrated the victory.

Egregious

How to pronounce egregious: ih-GREE-juhs
Phonetic transcription: /ɪˈɡriːdʒəs/
Meaning: Outstandingly bad; shocking.
Example: His egregious mistake cost the team the game.

Elicit

How to pronounce elicit: ih-LIS-it
Phonetic transcription: / ɪˈlɪsɪt /
Meaning: To draw out a response or reaction.
Example: The teacher aimed to elicit discussion among the students.

Elite

How to pronounce elite: eh-LEET
Phonetic transcription: / əˈliːt /
Meaning: A select group of individuals with superior status or influence.
Example: The elite gathered at the private event.

Emaciated

How to pronounce emaciated: ih-MAY-shee-ay-ted
Phonetic transcription: / ɪˈmeɪʃieɪtɪd /
Meaning: Abnormally thin or weak due to illness or lack of food.
Example: The emaciated dog needed urgent medical attention.

Emancipate

How to pronounce emancipate: ih-MAN-suh-payt
Phonetic transcription: / ɪˈmæn.sɪ.peɪt /
Meaning: To set free, especially from legal, social, or political restrictions.
Example: The movement aimed to emancipate enslaved individuals.

Emollient

How to pronounce emollient: i-mawl-yuhnt
Phonetic transcription: / iˈmɒliənt /
Meaning: Something that softens or soothes, especially the skin.
Example: The lotion had a calming emollient effect on her skin.

Empirical

How to pronounce empirical: em-PIR-ih-kal
Phonetic transcription: / ɪmˈpɪrɪkəl /
Meaning: Based on observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic.
Example: The findings were supported by empirical evidence.

Enervate

How to pronounce enervate: EN-er-vate
Phonetic transcription: /ˈɛnərˌveɪt/
Meaning: To weaken or drain of energy.
Example: The hot sun can enervate even the strongest of athletes.

Engender

How to pronounce engender: en-JEN-dur
Phonetic transcription: / ɪnˈdʒɛndər /
Meaning: To cause or give rise to a feeling, situation, or condition.
Example: The event helped engender a sense of community.

Entrepreneur

How to pronounce entrepreneur: on-truh-pruh-nur
Phonetic transcription: / ˌɒntrəprəˈnɜː /
Meaning: A person who starts and operates a business.
Example: The young entrepreneur launched a successful tech startup.

Enumerate

How to pronounce enumerate: ih-NOO-muh-rayt
Phonetic transcription: / ɪˈnjuːməreɪt /
Meaning: To mention things one by one; to count.
Example: She began to enumerate the reasons for her decision.

Ephemeral

How to pronounce ephemeral: i-fem-uh-rul
Phonetic transcription: / ɪˈfemərəl /
Meaning: Something lasting for only a brief moment.
Example: The beauty of the sunset was ephemeral, fading in minutes.

Epistemology

How to pronounce epistemology: ep-uh-stem-awl-uh-jee
Phonetic transcription: / ɪˌpɪstəˈmɒlədʒi /
Meaning: The branch of philosophy concerned with the nature of knowledge.
Example: In class, they discussed epistemology and how we know what we know.

Epitome

How to pronounce epitome: ep-uh-taw-mee
Phonetic transcription: / ɪˈpɪtəmi /
Meaning: The perfect example of a particular quality or trait.
Example: She was the epitome of elegance and grace.

Equanimity

How to pronounce equanimity: ee-kwuh-nim-uh-tee
Phonetic transcription: / ˌikwəˈnɪməti /
Meaning: Mental calmness and evenness of temper, especially under stress.
Example: He maintained his equanimity during the tense negotiations.

Equivocal

How to pronounce equivocal: ih-KWIV-uh-kuhl
Phonetic transcription: / ɪˈkwɪvəkl̩ /
Meaning: Having multiple possible meanings, often intentionally unclear.
Example: His response was equivocal, leaving everyone confused about his intentions.

Erinaceous

How to pronounce erinaceous: ehr-uh-nay-shuhs
Phonetic transcription: /ˌɛrɪˈneɪʃəs/
Meaning: Pertaining to or resembling a hedgehog.
Example: The animal’s spiky fur had an erinaceous appearance.

Erudite

How to pronounce erudite: ER-yoo-dite
Phonetic transcription: /ˈɛrʊdaɪt/
Meaning: Having or showing great knowledge or learning.
Example: The professor was known for his erudite lectures.

Esoteric

How to pronounce esoteric: es-uh-TER-ik
Phonetic transcription: / ˌiːsəʊˈtɛrɪk /
Meaning: Intended for or likely to be understood by only a small number of people.
Example: The lecture covered esoteric philosophical concepts.

Espouse

How to pronounce espouse: i-spowz
Phonetic transcription: / ɪˈspaʊz /
Meaning: To adopt or support a cause, belief, or way of life.
Example: He espoused the ideals of sustainable living.

Espresso

How to pronounce espresso: i-spres-oh
Phonetic transcription: / eˈspresəʊ /
Meaning: A concentrated coffee brewed by forcing a small amount of water through ground coffee beans.
Example: She ordered a shot of espresso to start her day.

Etcetera

How to pronounce etcetera: et-suh-TEHR-uh
Phonetic transcription: / etˈsetərə /
Meaning: A term used to signify additional items in a list that are not specifically mentioned.
Example: They brought sandwiches, drinks, etcetera, for the picnic.

Eulogy

How to pronounce eulogy: YOO-luh-jee
Phonetic transcription: / ˈjuːlədʒi /
Meaning: A speech or piece of writing in praise of someone, typically after their death.
Example: The pastor delivered a heartfelt eulogy at the funeral.

Euouae

How to pronounce euouae: yoo-oh-wee
Phonetic transcription: / euouae /
Meaning: A medieval musical term used to recall the sequence of tones in the Gloria Patri.
Example: The monks recited euouae during the liturgical chant.

Euphemism

How to pronounce euphemism: YOO-fuh-miz-uhm
Phonetic transcription: / ˈjuːfəmɪzəm /
Meaning: A mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh.
Example: “Passed away” is a euphemism for “died.”

Euthanasia

How to pronounce euthanasia: yoo-thuh-nay-zhuh
Phonetic transcription: / ˌjuːθəˈneɪzɪə /
Meaning: The act of deliberately ending the life of a patient to relieve suffering.
Example: The debate on euthanasia continues to raise ethical questions.

Exacerbate

How to pronounce exacerbate: ig-ZAS-er-bayt
Phonetic transcription: / ɪɡˈzæsərbeɪt /
Meaning: To make a problem, situation, or feeling worse.
Example: His comments only served to exacerbate the tension.

Excoriate

How to pronounce excoriate: eks-KOR-ee-ayt
Phonetic transcription: / ɛkˈskɔːrieɪt /
Meaning: To criticize severely and publicly.
Example: The critic will excoriate the film in her review.

Exemplary

How to pronounce exemplary: ig-ZEM-pluh-ree
Phonetic transcription: / ɪɡˈzɛmpləri /
Meaning: Serving as a desirable model; representing the best of its kind.
Example: She received an award for her exemplary service.

Exonerate

How to pronounce exonerate: ig-ZON-uh-rate
Phonetic transcription: / ɪɡˈzɒnəreɪt /
Meaning: To free someone from blame or fault.
Example: The new evidence will exonerate him from charges.

Expatiate

How to pronounce expatiate: iks-pay-shee-ayt
Phonetic transcription: / ɪkˈspeɪʃɪeɪt /
Meaning: To speak or write in great detail about a subject.
Example: The professor began to expatiate on the importance of ancient philosophy.

Expeditious

How to pronounce expeditious: eks-puh-DISH-uhs
Phonetic transcription: / ˌɛkspəˈdɪʃəs /
Meaning: Done with speed and efficiency.
Example: They were expeditious in handling the emergency.

Facade

How to pronounce facade: fuh-SAHD
Phonetic transcription: / fəˈsɑːd /
Meaning: The front of a building; a deceptive outward appearance.
Example: The facade of the old house was beautifully restored.

Facetious

How to pronounce facetious: fuh-SEE-shuhs
Phonetic transcription: /fəˈsiːʃəs/
Meaning: Treating serious issues with deliberately inappropriate humor.
Example: His facetious comments did not go over well in the meeting.

Fallacy

How to pronounce fallacy: FAL-uh-see
Phonetic transcription: / ˈfæləsi /
Meaning: A mistaken belief, especially one based on unsound arguments.
Example: His argument was based on a fallacy that was easily debunked.

Fathom

How to pronounce fathom: FATH-uhm
Phonetic transcription: / ˈfæðəm /
Meaning: To understand a difficult problem or an enigmatic person.
Example: I can’t fathom why she made that decision.

Fatuous

How to pronounce fatuous: fach-oos
Phonetic transcription: / ˈfætʃʊəs /
Meaning: Lacking intelligence or meaning; foolish.
Example: His fatuous remarks during the meeting annoyed everyone.

Faux pas

How to pronounce faux pas: foh PAH
Phonetic transcription: / ˌfoʊ ˈpɑː /
Meaning: A social mistake or blunder.
Example: Spilling wine at the dinner party was a major faux pas.

February

How to pronounce february: feb-roo-air-ee
Phonetic transcription: / ˈfebjʊəri /
Meaning: The second month in the Gregorian calendar.
Example: The conference is scheduled for early February.

Fervent

How to pronounce fervent: FER-vuhnt
Phonetic transcription: / ˈfɜːrvənt /
Meaning: Having or displaying a passionate intensity.
Example: She had a fervent desire to succeed.

Film

How to pronounce film: film
Phonetic transcription: / ˈfɪlm /
Meaning: A motion picture or a series of moving images.
Example: They watched an old film together last night.

Fiscal

How to pronounce fiscal: FIS-kuhl
Phonetic transcription: / ˈfɪskl̩ /
Meaning: Related to financial matters, especially taxes and government revenue.
Example: The company experienced a successful fiscal year.

Flabbergasted

How to pronounce flabbergasted: FLAB-er-gas-tid
Phonetic transcription: / ˈflæbərˌɡæstɪd /
Meaning: Extremely surprised or shocked.
Example: I was flabbergasted by the unexpected news.

Floccinaucinihilipilification

How to pronounce floccinaucinihilipilification: flok-suh-naw-suh-ny-hil-uh-pil-uh-fi-kay-shun
Phonetic transcription: / ˌflɒksɪnɔːsɪˌnɪhɪlɪˌpɪlɪfɪˈkeɪʃn /
Meaning: The act of regarding something as unimportant.
Example: The critics’ floccinaucinihilipilification of the artist’s work was harsh.

Foliage

How to pronounce foliage: FOH-lee-ij
Phonetic transcription: / ˈfoʊliɪdʒ /
Meaning: The collective leaves of a plant or tree.
Example: The tree’s foliage turned bright red in autumn.

Fortuitous

How to pronounce fortuitous: for-TOO-ih-tuhs
Phonetic transcription: / fɔːrˈtjuːɪtəs /
Meaning: Happening by chance rather than intention.
Example: Their meeting was purely fortuitous.

Foyer

How to pronounce foyer: FOY-yer
Phonetic transcription: / ˈfɔɪər /
Meaning: The entryway or lobby of a building.
Example: They waited in the hotel foyer before checking in.

Fractious

How to pronounce fractious: FRAK-shuhs
Phonetic transcription: /ˈfrækʃəs/
Meaning: Irritable and quarrelsome; difficult to control.
Example: The fractious crowd began to argue among themselves.

Fuchsia

How to pronounce fuchsia: fyoo-shuh
Phonetic transcription: / ˈfjuːʃə /
Meaning: A bright pinkish-purple color, or a flowering plant.
Example: She wore a fuchsia dress to the event.

Garrulous

How to pronounce garrulous: GAR-uh-luhs
Phonetic transcription: /ˈɡɛrəˌləs/
Meaning: Excessively talkative, especially on trivial matters.
Example: The garrulous neighbor always shared long stories during our brief encounters.

Gauge

How to pronounce gauge: gayj
Phonetic transcription: / ˈɡeɪdʒ /
Meaning: A tool used to measure levels, amounts, or pressures.
Example: The mechanic checked the tire pressure with a gauge.

Genre

How to pronounce genre: ZHAHN-ruh
Phonetic transcription: / ˈʒɑːnrə /
Meaning: A category or style in art, music, or literature.
Example: Science fiction is my favorite genre of film.

Gibberish

How to pronounce gibberish: jib-uh-rish
Phonetic transcription: / ˈdʒɪbərɪʃ /
Meaning: Nonsensical or unintelligible talk.
Example: His speech was just a bunch of gibberish after too many drinks.

GIF

How to pronounce GIF: jif
Phonetic transcription: / gɪf /
Meaning: A short, looping image file format used in digital communication.
Example: She sent a funny GIF in the group chat.

Gluttonous

How to pronounce gluttonous: GLUHT-uh-nuhs
Phonetic transcription: / ˈɡlʌtənəs /
Meaning: Excessively greedy or eager for food.
Example: His gluttonous behavior at the buffet was embarrassing.

Gourmet

How to pronounce gourmet: goor-may
Phonetic transcription: / ˈɡʊəmeɪ /
Meaning: Someone with refined taste in food and drink.
Example: He considered himself a gourmet and loved dining at fine restaurants.

Grandiloquent

How to pronounce grandiloquent: gran-dil-uh-kwuhnt
Phonetic transcription: / ɡrænˈdɪləkwənt /
Meaning: Overly fancy or pompous in speech or expression.
Example: His grandiloquent speech impressed no one.

Gregarious

How to pronounce gregarious: gruh-GAIR-ee-uhs
Phonetic transcription: /ɡrɪˈɡɛəriəs/
Meaning: Fond of company; sociable.
Example: She was a gregarious person who loved to host gatherings.

Harangue

How to pronounce harangue: huh-RANG
Phonetic transcription: /həˈræŋ/
Meaning: A lengthy and aggressive speech.
Example: He delivered a passionate harangue against the injustice.

Hegemony

How to pronounce hegemony: hi-jem-uh-nee
Phonetic transcription: / hɪˈɡeməni /
Meaning: Dominance or control by one group over others.
Example: The country’s hegemony in the region has lasted for decades.

Heinous

How to pronounce heinous: HAY-nuhs
Phonetic transcription: / ˈheɪnəs /
Meaning: Shockingly evil or wicked.
Example: The criminal was convicted of his heinous crimes.

Heir

How to pronounce heir: er
Phonetic transcription: / ˈer /
Meaning: Someone legally entitled to inherit property or title.
Example: The prince is the heir to the throne.

Herb

How to pronounce herb: herb
Phonetic transcription: / ˈɝːb /
Meaning: A plant used for seasoning or medicinal purposes.
Example: She added fresh herb to the soup for extra flavor.

Heresy

How to pronounce heresy: HEHR-uh-see
Phonetic transcription: / ˈherəsi /
Meaning: A belief that contradicts established religious teachings.
Example: His ideas were considered heresy by the church.

Hernia

How to pronounce hernia: her-nee-uh
Phonetic transcription: / ˈhɜːnɪə /
Meaning: A condition where an organ pushes through the muscle or tissue that holds it.
Example: He had surgery to repair a hernia.

Hierarchy

How to pronounce hierarchy: HAHY-er-ahr-kee
Phonetic transcription: / ˈhaɪəˌrɑːrki /
Meaning: A system of ranking people or things by status or authority.
Example: The corporate hierarchy was clearly defined.

Homogeneous

How to pronounce homogeneous: hoh-muh-JEEN-ee-uhs
Phonetic transcription: / ˌhoʊməˈdʒinɪəs /
Meaning: Of the same kind; alike.
Example: The group was surprisingly homogeneous in their opinions.

Hors d’oeuvres

How to pronounce hors d’oeuvres: or-durv
Phonetic transcription: / ˌɔː ˈdɜːv /
Meaning: A small dish served before the main meal, also known as appetizers.
Example: The waiter served a selection of hors d’oeuvres at the party.

Iconoclast

How to pronounce iconoclast: eye-KON-uh-klast
Phonetic transcription: /aɪˈkɒnəklæst/
Meaning: A person who attacks or criticizes cherished beliefs or institutions.
Example: As an iconoclast, she challenged the traditional norms of her field.

Idiosyncrasy

How to pronounce idiosyncrasy: id-ee-uh-SING-kruh-see
Phonetic transcription: / ˌɪdiəˈsɪŋkrəsi /
Meaning: A characteristic, habit, or mannerism that is peculiar to an individual.
Example: His idiosyncrasy of wearing mismatched socks was well-known.

Ignominious

How to pronounce ignominious: ig-nuh-min-ee-uhs
Phonetic transcription: / ˌɪɡnəˈmɪnɪəs /
Meaning: Causing shame or humiliation.
Example: His ignominious defeat in the election was unexpected.

Illinois

How to pronounce Illinois: il-uh-noy
Phonetic transcription: / ˌɪləˈnɔɪ /
Meaning: A state in the Midwestern region of the USA.
Example: Chicago is one of the largest cities in Illinois.

Imminent

How to pronounce imminent: IM-uh-nuhnt
Phonetic transcription: / ˈɪmɪnənt /
Meaning: About to happen; impending.
Example: The storm was imminent, so they took cover.

Immutable

How to pronounce immutable: ih-MYOO-tuh-buhl
Phonetic transcription: / ɪˈmjuːtəbəl /
Meaning: Unchanging over time or unable to be changed.
Example: The laws of physics are immutable.

Impasse

How to pronounce impasse: im-PAS
Phonetic transcription: / ɪmˈpæs /
Meaning: A situation in which no progress is possible, especially because of disagreement.
Example: They reached an impasse in negotiations.

Impervious

How to pronounce impervious: im-PUR-vee-uhs
Phonetic transcription: / ɪmˈpɜːrviəs /
Meaning: Not allowing fluid to pass through; unable to be affected by.
Example: The raincoat was impervious to water.

Implacable

How to pronounce implacable: im-PLAK-uh-buhl
Phonetic transcription: / ɪmˈplækəbl /
Meaning: Unable to be placated or appeased.
Example: His implacable anger left her feeling uneasy.

Implicit

How to pronounce implicit: im-PLIS-it
Phonetic transcription: / ɪmˈplɪsɪt /
Meaning: Implied or understood but not directly expressed.
Example: There was an implicit agreement between them.

Incessant

How to pronounce incessant: in-SESS-uhnt
Phonetic transcription: / ɪnˈsɛsənt /
Meaning: Continuing without pause or interruption.
Example: The incessant noise made it hard to concentrate.

Inchoate

How to pronounce inchoate: in-koh-it
Phonetic transcription: / ɪnˈkəʊɪt /
Meaning: Not fully formed or developed yet.
Example: Her inchoate plan for the project needs more details.

Incontrovertible

How to pronounce incontrovertible: in-kawn-truh-VUR-tuh-buhl
Phonetic transcription: / ˌɪnkɒntrəˈvɜːtɪbəl /
Meaning: Not able to be denied or disputed.
Example: The evidence was incontrovertible, leaving no room for doubt.

Ineffable

How to pronounce ineffable: in-EF-uh-buhl
Phonetic transcription: /ɪˈnɛfəbəl/
Meaning: Too great or extreme to be expressed in words.
Example: The beauty of the landscape was ineffable.

Infamous

How to pronounce infamous: in-FAM-uhs
Phonetic transcription: / ˈɪnfəməs /
Meaning: Known for something bad or negative.
Example: The dictator became infamous for his brutal regime.

Ingenuity

How to pronounce ingenuity: in-JEN-yoo-uh-tee
Phonetic transcription: / ˌɪndʒəˈnuːəti /
Meaning: The ability to create or invent new ideas or solutions.
Example: Her ingenuity helped solve the complex problem.

Ingratiate

How to pronounce ingratiate: in-GRAY-shee-ayt
Phonetic transcription: / ɪnˈɡreɪʃieɪt /
Meaning: To bring oneself into favor with someone by flattering or trying to please them.
Example: He tried to ingratiate himself with the boss.

Innocuous

How to pronounce innocuous: ih-NOK-yuh-wuhs
Phonetic transcription: / ɪˈnɒkjuəs /
Meaning: Not harmful or offensive.
Example: The comments were innocuous, causing no offense.

Insidious

How to pronounce insidious: in-SID-ee-uhs
Phonetic transcription: /ɪnˈsɪdiəs/
Meaning: Proceeding in a gradual, subtle way, but with harmful effects.
Example: The insidious disease went unnoticed for years.

Interpret

How to pronounce interpret: in-ter-PRIT
Phonetic transcription: / ˌɪnˈtɝːprət /
Meaning: To explain or understand the meaning of something.
Example: The teacher asked the students to interpret the poem.

Intrepid

How to pronounce intrepid: in-TREP-id
Phonetic transcription: / ɪnˈtrɛpɪd /
Meaning: Fearless; adventurous.
Example: The intrepid explorer ventured into uncharted territory.

Inundate

How to pronounce inundate: IN-uhn-dayt
Phonetic transcription: / ˈɪnʌndeɪt /
Meaning: To overwhelm someone with things or people to be dealt with; to flood.
Example: She was inundated with requests for assistance.

Irascible

How to pronounce irascible: ih-RAS-uh-buhl
Phonetic transcription: /ɪˈræzɪbəl/
Meaning: Having or showing a tendency to be easily angered.
Example: His irascible nature made him difficult to work with.

Ischaemia

How to pronounce ischaemia: is-kee-mee-uh
Phonetic transcription: / ischaemia /
Meaning: A condition where there is a reduced blood supply to tissues or organs.
Example: The doctor diagnosed the patient with ischaemia in the leg.

Island

How to pronounce island: AYL-land
Phonetic transcription: / ˈaɪlənd /
Meaning: A piece of land completely surrounded by water.
Example: They spent their vacation on a tropical island.

Isthmus

How to pronounce isthmus: IZ-muhs
Phonetic transcription: / ˈɪsməs /
Meaning: A narrow land bridge that connects two larger land areas.
Example: The isthmus connects the mainland to the peninsula.

Itinerary

How to pronounce itinerary: ahy-tuh-NAIR-ee
Phonetic transcription: / aɪˈtɪnəˌreri /
Meaning: A detailed plan or route of a trip.
Example: They followed their vacation itinerary closely.

Jalapeño

How to pronounce jalapeño: ha-luh-peyn-yo
Phonetic transcription: / haləˈpeɪn(j)əʊ /
Meaning: A small, spicy green or red chili pepper.
Example: She added a jalapeño to the salsa for extra heat.

Jargon

How to pronounce jargon: JAR-guhn
Phonetic transcription: / ˈdʒɑːɡən /
Meaning: Special words or expressions used by a particular profession or group.
Example: The report was filled with technical jargon.

Jaundice

How to pronounce jaundice: jawn-dis
Phonetic transcription: / ˈdʒɔːndɪs /
Meaning: A condition causing yellowing of the skin, or a term for bitterness or cynicism.
Example: His bitter words were colored by jaundice.

Jewelry

How to pronounce jewelry: JOO-luh-ree
Phonetic transcription: / ˈdʒuːəlri /
Meaning: Decorative items people wear, often made of precious metals and stones.
Example: She wore expensive jewelry to the gala.

Juror

How to pronounce juror: JOOR-er
Phonetic transcription: / ˈdʒʊrər /
Meaning: A person who serves on a jury during a trial.
Example: The juror listened carefully to the witness’s testimony.

Juxtaposition

How to pronounce juxtaposition: juhk-stuh-puh-ZISH-uhn
Phonetic transcription: / ˌdʒʌkstəpəˈzɪʃən /
Meaning: The fact of two things being seen or placed close together for contrasting effect.
Example: The juxtaposition of the old and new buildings was striking.

Kaleidoscopic

How to pronounce kaleidoscopic: kuh-leye-duh-skawp-ik
Phonetic transcription: / kəˌlaɪdəˈskɒpɪk /
Meaning: Having colorful, ever-changing patterns or elements.
Example: The artist’s work was filled with kaleidoscopic patterns.

Knead

How to pronounce knead: need
Phonetic transcription: / ˈniːd /
Meaning: To work and shape dough with your hands.
Example: She began to knead the bread dough on the counter.

Knee

How to pronounce knee: knee
Phonetic transcription: / ˈniː /
Meaning: The joint between the thigh and lower leg.
Example: He injured his knee during the soccer match.

Knell

How to pronounce knell: nell
Phonetic transcription: / ˈnel /
Meaning: The solemn sound of a bell, often signaling a death or funeral.
Example: The mournful knell of the church bell echoed in the valley.

Lackadaisical

How to pronounce lackadaisical: lak-uh-day-zee-kul
Phonetic transcription: / ˌlækəˈdeɪzɪkl̩ /
Meaning: Showing a lack of enthusiasm or energy.
Example: Her lackadaisical approach to her work concerned her boss.

Languid

How to pronounce languid: LANG-gwid
Phonetic transcription: / ˈlæŋɡwɪd /
Meaning: Weak or faint from illness or fatigue.
Example: The heat made him feel languid and tired.

Leicester Square

How to pronounce Leicester Square: les-tuhr skweir
Phonetic transcription: / ˈlestər ˈskwer /
Meaning: A well-known public square in London.
Example: They enjoyed a walk through Leicester Square after dinner.

Lethargic

How to pronounce lethargic: luh-THAR-jik
Phonetic transcription: /ləˈθɑrdʒɪk/
Meaning: Affected by lethargy; sluggish and apathetic.
Example: After the long meeting, everyone felt lethargic.

Liable

How to pronounce liable: LY-uh-buhl
Phonetic transcription: / ˈlaɪəbl̩ /
Meaning: Legally responsible for something.
Example: The company was liable for the damages caused.

Liaison

How to pronounce liaison: lee-AY-zawn
Phonetic transcription: / liˈeɪˌzɑːn /
Meaning: A connection or communication between groups or individuals.
Example: She acted as a liaison between the two departments.

Library

How to pronounce library: LAHY-brer-ee
Phonetic transcription: / ˈlaɪbreri /
Meaning: A place or collection of books available for reading or borrowing.
Example: She borrowed a book from the local library.

Licentious

How to pronounce licentious: lahy-SEN-chuhs
Phonetic transcription: / laɪˈsentʃəs /
Meaning: Lacking moral discipline or restraint, especially in sexual behavior.
Example: His licentious behavior shocked everyone at the party.

Lingerie

How to pronounce lingerie: lan-zhuh-REE
Phonetic transcription: / ˈlɑːnʒəˌre /
Meaning: Women’s undergarments, typically more elegant or sensual.
Example: She bought new lingerie for the special occasion.

Loquacious

How to pronounce loquacious: luh-KWAY-shuhs
Phonetic transcription: / ləˈkweɪʃəs /
Meaning: Tending to talk a great deal; talkative.
Example: The loquacious guide kept everyone entertained.

Lucid

How to pronounce lucid: LOO-sid
Phonetic transcription: / ˈluːsɪd /
Meaning: Clear and easy to understand.
Example: His explanation was lucid, making the topic accessible.

Maelstrom

How to pronounce maelstrom: meyl-strahm
Phonetic transcription: / ˈmeɪlstrəm /
Meaning: A violent whirlpool or turbulent situation.
Example: The ship was caught in a maelstrom of stormy waters.

Magnanimous

How to pronounce magnanimous: mag-NAN-uh-muhs
Phonetic transcription: /mæɡˈnænɪməs/
Meaning: Very generous or forgiving, especially toward a rival or someone less powerful.
Example: She was magnanimous in victory, praising her opponent.

Malleable

How to pronounce malleable: MAL-ee-uh-buhl
Phonetic transcription: / ˈmælɪəbl /
Meaning: Capable of being shaped or bent; adaptable.
Example: Gold is a malleable metal used in jewelry.

Massachusetts

How to pronounce Massachusetts: mas-uh-CHOOS-its
Phonetic transcription: / ˌmæsəˈtʃuːsəts /
Meaning: A U.S. state located in the New England region.
Example: Boston is the capital of Massachusetts.

Mastectomy

How to pronounce mastectomy: mas-tek-tuh-mee
Phonetic transcription: / mæˈstektəmi /
Meaning: A surgical procedure to remove a breast.
Example: She underwent a mastectomy after her diagnosis.

Mauve

How to pronounce mauve: mov
Phonetic transcription: / moʊv /
Meaning: A light purple color.
Example: She painted the walls in a soft mauve shade.

Medieval

How to pronounce medieval: mid-EE-vuhl
Phonetic transcription: / məˈdiːvl̩ /
Meaning: Related to the Middle Ages in European history.
Example: The castle is a stunning example of medieval architecture.

Melancholy

How to pronounce melancholy: MEL-uhn-kawl-ee
Phonetic transcription: / ˈmɛlənˌkɒli /
Meaning: A deep, persistent sadness.
Example: He often felt a sense of melancholy in winter.

Meme

How to pronounce meme: meem
Phonetic transcription: / meme /
Meaning: An amusing image or video shared widely online.
Example: That meme went viral overnight.

Mercurial

How to pronounce mercurial: mur-KYOOR-ee-uhl
Phonetic transcription: / mɜːrˈkjʊəriəl /
Meaning: Subject to sudden changes of mood or mind.
Example: Her mercurial temperament made it hard to predict her reactions.

Metamorphosis

How to pronounce metamorphosis: meh-tuh-mawr-fuh-sis
Phonetic transcription: / ˌmetəˈmɔːrfəsəs /
Meaning: A transformation in form or nature.
Example: The caterpillar undergoes a metamorphosis to become a butterfly.

Miniature

How to pronounce miniature: MIN-ee-cher
Phonetic transcription: / ˈmɪniəˌtʃʊr /
Meaning: A small version or model of something.
Example: She collected miniature figurines from around the world.

Misanthrope

How to pronounce misanthrope: MIS-uhn-thrope
Phonetic transcription: /ˈmɪsənˌθroʊp/
Meaning: A person who dislikes humankind and avoids human society.
Example: His misanthrope tendencies made him a recluse.

Mischievous

How to pronounce mischievous: mis-chuh-vuhs
Phonetic transcription: / ˈmɪstʃəvəs /
Meaning: Enjoying playful mischief or troublemaking.
Example: The mischievous child played pranks on his friends.

Misogynist

How to pronounce misogynist: muh-saj-uh-nist
Phonetic transcription: / mysoginist /
Meaning: A person who shows dislike or prejudice against women.
Example: His misogynist remarks were unacceptable in today’s society.

Monk

How to pronounce monk: monk
Phonetic transcription: / ˈməŋk /
Meaning: A religious individual living in a monastery.
Example: The monk devoted his life to prayer and meditation.

Moot

How to pronounce moot: moot
Phonetic transcription: / ˈmuːt /
Meaning: Subject to debate or not practically relevant.
Example: The issue became moot after the new law was passed.

Morose

How to pronounce morose: muh-ROHS
Phonetic transcription: / məˈroʊs /
Meaning: Sullen and ill-tempered.
Example: His morose demeanor worried his friends.

Muscle

How to pronounce muscle: mus-ul
Phonetic transcription: / ˈmʌsl̩ /
Meaning: Tissue that produces movement in the body.
Example: He strained a muscle while lifting weights.

Mustache

How to pronounce mustache: Muh-STASH
Phonetic transcription: / ˈməˌstæʃ /
Meaning: Facial hair growing above the upper lip.
Example: He trimmed his mustache for a cleaner look.

Myriad

How to pronounce myriad: MIR-ee-uhd
Phonetic transcription: / ˈmɪriəd /
Meaning: A countless or extremely great number.
Example: She faced a myriad of challenges in her career.

Nadir

How to pronounce nadir: nay-der
Phonetic transcription: / ˈneɪdər /
Meaning: The lowest point in a situation.
Example: His career reached a nadir after the scandal.

Narcissistic

How to pronounce narcissistic: nahr-suh-SIS-tik
Phonetic transcription: / ˌnɑːrsəˈsɪstɪk /
Meaning: Excessively focused on oneself and one’s needs.
Example: Her narcissistic tendencies made it difficult for her to maintain friendships.

Nebulous

How to pronounce nebulous: NEB-yuh-luhs
Phonetic transcription: / ˈnɛbjələs /
Meaning: In the form of a cloud or haze; unclear or vague.
Example: His plans remained nebulous at best.

Nefarious

How to pronounce nefarious: nuh-FAIR-ee-uhs
Phonetic transcription: / nɪˈfɛəriəs /
Meaning: Wicked or criminal.
Example: The nefarious plot was uncovered by the authorities.

Neophyte

How to pronounce neophyte: nee-uh-fyt
Phonetic transcription: / ˈniːəˌfaɪt /
Meaning: A newcomer or someone new to a field.
Example: As a neophyte in the industry, she had much to learn.

Niche

How to pronounce niche: neesh
Phonetic transcription: / ˈnɪtʃ /
Meaning: A specialized area or market for a particular product.
Example: They found a niche in eco-friendly products.

Nihilism

How to pronounce nihilism: nahy-uh-liz-uhm
Phonetic transcription: / ˈnaɪəˌlɪzəm /
Meaning: The belief that life lacks meaning or value.
Example: His views on life reflected a sense of nihilism.

Noisome

How to pronounce noisome: noy-suhm
Phonetic transcription: / ˈnɔɪsəm /
Meaning: Disgusting or harmful, particularly in terms of smell.
Example: The noisome odor from the garbage was unbearable.

Nuclear

How to pronounce nuclear: nyoo-klee-er
Phonetic transcription: / ˈnuːkliər /
Meaning: Relating to energy produced by nuclear reactions.
Example: The nuclear power plant generates electricity for the region.

Nuptial

How to pronounce nuptial: nup-shuhl
Phonetic transcription: / ˈnʌptʃl̩ /
Meaning: Pertaining to marriage or weddings.
Example: They celebrated their nuptial ceremony with family and friends.

Obdurate

How to pronounce obdurate: AHB-doo-rayt
Phonetic transcription: / ˈɒbdjʊərət /
Meaning: Stubbornly refusing to change one’s opinion or course of action.
Example: Despite the evidence, he remained obdurate in his beliefs.

Obfuscate

How to pronounce obfuscate: OB-fuh-skate
Phonetic transcription: /ˈɒbfəˌskeɪt/
Meaning: To deliberately make something unclear or difficult to understand.
Example: The lawyer tried to obfuscate the details of the case.

Occasion

How to pronounce occasion: uh-KAY-zhuhn
Phonetic transcription: / əˈkeɪʒn̩ /
Meaning: A particular event or opportunity.
Example: The celebration marked a special occasion in their lives.

Often

How to pronounce often: OF-tuhn
Phonetic transcription: / ˈɔːfn̩ /
Meaning: Frequently or many times.
Example: She visits her grandmother often.

Oligarchy

How to pronounce oligarchy: aw-lij-aar-kee
Phonetic transcription: / ˈɑːləˌɡɑːrki /
Meaning: A government or organization controlled by a small group.
Example: The country was ruled by an oligarchy of wealthy elites.

Omnipotent

How to pronounce omnipotent: om-NIP-uh-tuhnt
Phonetic transcription: /ɑːmˈnɪpətənt/
Meaning: Having unlimited power; able to do anything.
Example: In mythology, gods are often depicted as omnipotent beings.

Onerous

How to pronounce onerous: ON-er-uhs
Phonetic transcription: / ˈoʊnərəs /
Meaning: Involving a great deal of effort, difficulty, or responsibility.
Example: The onerous task took several hours to complete.

Onomatopoeia

How to pronounce onomatopoeia: on-uh-mat-uh-pee-uh
Phonetic transcription: / ɑːnəˈmɑːtəpiə /
Meaning: Words that imitate sounds associated with their meanings.
Example: Words like “buzz” and “bang” are examples of onomatopoeia.

Ophthalmology

How to pronounce ophthalmology: of-thal-mawl-uh-jee
Phonetic transcription: / ˌɑːpθəˈmɑːlədʒi /
Meaning: The branch of medicine that deals with eye health and diseases.
Example: He specialized in ophthalmology to help patients with vision problems.

Ordinance

How to pronounce ordinance: OR-dn-uhns
Phonetic transcription: / ˈɔːrdənəns /
Meaning: A law or regulation established by a local authority.
Example: The city passed an ordinance to improve public safety.

Ostentatious

How to pronounce ostentatious: os-ten-TAY-shuhs
Phonetic transcription: /ˌɒstənˈteɪʃəs/
Meaning: Characterized by vulgar or pretentious display; designed to impress.
Example: The ostentatious mansion shocked the visitors with its luxury.

Otorhinolaryngology

How to pronounce otorhinolaryngology: otor-hino-lar-ing-ol-uh-gee
Phonetic transcription: / ˌəʊtəʊˌrʌɪnəʊˌlarɪŋˈɡɒlədʒi /
Meaning: The medical specialty focused on ear, nose, and throat disorders.
Example: She pursued a career in otorhinolaryngology to treat patients with ENT issues.

Panacea

How to pronounce panacea: pan-uh-see-uh
Phonetic transcription: / ˌpænəˈsiːə /
Meaning: A cure for every illness or a solution for all issues.
Example: Many people believe that education is a panacea for social problems.

Paradigm

How to pronounce paradigm: PAR-uh-dahym
Phonetic transcription: / ˈperəˌdaɪm /
Meaning: A standard example or model for something.
Example: The new paradigm in education emphasizes student-centered learning.

Paradoxical

How to pronounce paradoxical: par-uh-DOK-sih-kul
Phonetic transcription: /ˌpærəˈdɒksɪkəl/
Meaning: Seemingly absurd or self-contradictory.
Example: It was a paradoxical situation where winning felt like losing.

Pauciloquy

How to pronounce pauciloquy: paw-suh-loh-kwee
Phonetic transcription: / pauciloquy /
Meaning: Speaking briefly or using few words.
Example: His pauciloquy during the meeting surprised everyone.

Pejorative

How to pronounce pejorative: pee-juh-rut-iv
Phonetic transcription: / pəˈdʒɔːrətɪv /
Meaning: A term that expresses disapproval or belittles someone.
Example: Using pejorative language can harm relationships.

Penguin

How to pronounce penguin: PEN-gwuhn
Phonetic transcription: / ˈpeŋɡwən /
Meaning: A flightless bird that inhabits cold regions, particularly near the poles.
Example: The penguin waddled awkwardly on the ice.

Peremptory

How to pronounce peremptory: per-em-tuh-ree
Phonetic transcription: / pəˈremptəri /
Meaning: Acting in a rude or overbearing manner.
Example: His peremptory tone left no room for discussion.

Perfunctory

How to pronounce perfunctory: per-FUNK-tuh-ree
Phonetic transcription: /pərˈfʌŋk.tər.i/
Meaning: Carried out with a minimum of effort or reflection.
Example: Her perfunctory response indicated she wasn’t really listening.

Pernicious

How to pronounce pernicious: per-NISH-uhs
Phonetic transcription: / pərˈnɪʃəs /
Meaning: Having a harmful effect, especially in a gradual or subtle way.
Example: The pernicious weed spread rapidly in the garden.

Perspicacious

How to pronounce perspicacious: pur-spi-KAY-shuhs
Phonetic transcription: /ˌpɜrspɪˈkeɪʃəs/
Meaning: Having a ready insight into and understanding of things.
Example: His perspicacious nature allowed him to see the truth quickly.

Perturb

How to pronounce perturb: pur-TURB
Phonetic transcription: / pərˈtɜːrb /
Meaning: To make someone anxious or unsettled.
Example: The news was enough to perturb her.

Phenomenon

How to pronounce phenomenon: fuh-NAHM-uh-nawn
Phonetic transcription: / fəˈnɑːməˌnɑːn /
Meaning: An extraordinary event or occurrence that is observed.
Example: The northern lights are a breathtaking phenomenon.

Philanthropy

How to pronounce philanthropy: fi-LAN-thruh-pee
Phonetic transcription: / fɪˈlænθrəpi /
Meaning: The desire to promote the welfare of others, expressed especially by the donation of money to good causes.
Example: His philanthropy benefited many local charities.

Phlegm

How to pronounce phlegm: FLEM
Phonetic transcription: / fləm /
Meaning: Thick mucus secreted in the respiratory system.
Example: He coughed up phlegm due to his cold.

Phlegmatic

How to pronounce phlegmatic: fleg-mat-ik
Phonetic transcription: / fləgˈmætɪk /
Meaning: Slow to respond; showing little emotion; calm.
Example: Her phlegmatic demeanor reassured the anxious crowd.

Picture

How to pronounce picture: PIK-cher
Phonetic transcription: / ˈpɪktʃər /
Meaning: A visual representation or image.
Example: He took a picture of the sunset.

Pizza

How to pronounce pizza: PEE-tsuh
Phonetic transcription: / ˈpiːtsə /
Meaning: A baked dish of Italian origin consisting of a flat round base topped with various ingredients.
Example: She ordered a large pizza for dinner.

Plethora

How to pronounce plethora: PLETH-uh-ruh
Phonetic transcription: / ˈplɛθərə /
Meaning: A large or excessive amount of something.
Example: There was a plethora of options available.

Plumber

How to pronounce plumber: PLUHM-er
Phonetic transcription: / ˈplʌmər /
Meaning: A professional who repairs and installs piping systems.
Example: The plumber fixed the leaky faucet quickly.

Pneumatology

How to pronounce pneumatology: new-muh-taw-luh-jee
Phonetic transcription: /ˌnjuːməˈtɒlədʒi/
Meaning: The study of spirits or spiritual beings.
Example: Pneumatology explores various beliefs about the soul.

Pneumonia

How to pronounce pneumonia: nyoo-moh-nee-uh
Phonetic transcription: / nuˈmoʊniə /
Meaning: Inflammation of the lungs caused by infection.
Example: He was hospitalized with pneumonia after the flu.

Precarious

How to pronounce precarious: pri-KAIR-ee-uhs
Phonetic transcription: /prɪˈkɛəriəs/
Meaning: Not securely held or in position; dangerously likely to fall or collapse.
Example: The precarious balance of the stack of books worried him.

Prelude

How to pronounce prelude: PREL-yood
Phonetic transcription: / ˈpreɪˌluːd /
Meaning: An introductory piece of music before the main part.
Example: The prelude set the mood for the entire concert.

Prerogative

How to pronounce prerogative: pri-RAHG-uh-tiv
Phonetic transcription: / prɪˈrɑːɡətɪv /
Meaning: An exclusive right or privilege held by an individual or group.
Example: It’s her prerogative to make the final decision.

Prescription

How to pronounce prescription: pri-skrip-shun
Phonetic transcription: / prəˈskrɪpʃn̩ /
Meaning: The act of prescribing a medication or treatment.
Example: The doctor gave her a prescription for the medication.

Prevaricate

How to pronounce prevaricate: pri-VAIR-uh-kayt
Phonetic transcription: / prɪˈværɪkeɪt /
Meaning: To speak or act evasively, avoiding direct answers.
Example: He tends to prevaricate when asked difficult questions.

Probably

How to pronounce probably: PRAH-buh-blee
Phonetic transcription: / ˈprɑːbəbli /
Meaning: Likely to happen or be true; very likely.
Example: She will probably arrive late to the meeting.

Proclivity

How to pronounce proclivity: pro-KLIV-ih-tee
Phonetic transcription: / proʊˈklɪvɪti /
Meaning: A tendency to choose or do something regularly; an inclination or predisposition.
Example: His proclivity for adventure led him to travel often.

Prodigious

How to pronounce prodigious: pruh-DIJ-uhs
Phonetic transcription: /prəˈdɪdʒəs/
Meaning: Remarkably or impressively great in extent, size, or degree.
Example: His prodigious talent earned him a scholarship.

Pronunciation

How to pronounce pronunciation: pro-nun-see-ay-shun
Phonetic transcription: / proˌnənsiˈeɪʃn̩ /
Meaning: The way in which a word is spoken.
Example: His pronunciation of the word impressed the teacher.

Prostrate

How to pronounce prostrate: PRAHS-trayt
Phonetic transcription: / ˈprɑːstret /
Meaning: Lying flat on the ground, face down.
Example: He lay prostrate in the grass, exhausted.

Pseudonym

How to pronounce pseudonym: SOO-duh-nim
Phonetic transcription: / ˈsuːdəˌnɪm /
Meaning: A fictitious name used by an author or artist.
Example: She published her book under a pseudonym.

Puerile

How to pronounce puerile: pyoor-ahyl
Phonetic transcription: / pjuːˈriːl /
Meaning: Childish; showing a lack of maturity.
Example: His puerile jokes failed to amuse the audience.

Pulchritude

How to pronounce pulchritude: pul-kruh-tood
Phonetic transcription: / ˈpʌlkrɪtjuːd /
Meaning: Physical beauty or attractiveness.
Example: The pulchritude of the landscape took her breath away.

Quagmire

How to pronounce quagmire: kwag-myr
Phonetic transcription: / ˈkwægˌmaɪər /
Meaning: A soft, wet area of land that is difficult to walk on.
Example: The hikers got stuck in a quagmire in the forest.

Quay

How to pronounce quay: key
Phonetic transcription: / ˈkiː /
Meaning: A platform by the water’s edge for loading and unloading ships.
Example: They waited at the quay for the boat to arrive.

Queue

How to pronounce queue: kyoo
Phonetic transcription: / ˈkjuː /
Meaning: A line of people or vehicles waiting for something.
Example: We formed a queue outside the concert hall.

Quiche

How to pronounce quiche: keesh
Phonetic transcription: / ˈkiːʃ /
Meaning: A baked dish with a savory filling, usually containing eggs and cheese.
Example: She served a delicious quiche for brunch.

Quinoa

How to pronounce quinoa: kee-noh-uh
Phonetic transcription: /ˈkiːnwɑː/
Meaning: A nutritious plant whose seeds are often eaten as a grain.
Example: She added quinoa to her salad for extra protein.

Quintessential

How to pronounce quintessential: kwin-tuh-sen-shuhl
Phonetic transcription: / ˌkwɪntəˈsenʃəl /
Meaning: Representing the most perfect or typical example of a quality.
Example: This dish is the quintessential representation of Italian cuisine.

Quirky

How to pronounce quirky: kur-kee
Phonetic transcription: / ˈkwɝːki /
Meaning: Having unusual or unexpected traits or features.
Example: Her quirky style made her stand out in the crowd.

Quixotic

How to pronounce quixotic: kwik-sah-tik
Phonetic transcription: / kwɪkˈsɑːtɪk /
Meaning: Extremely idealistic; unrealistic and impractical.
Example: His quixotic plans for changing the world seemed far-fetched.

Quotidian

How to pronounce quotidian: kwoh-tid-ee-un
Phonetic transcription: / kwoʊˈtɪdɪən /
Meaning: Occurring daily; commonplace or ordinary.
Example: She found beauty in the quotidian moments of life.

Raccoon

How to pronounce raccoon: rak-kun
Phonetic transcription: / ræˈkuːn /
Meaning: A nocturnal mammal known for its greyish-brown fur and masked face.
Example: The raccoon rummaged through the garbage for food.

Rancorous

How to pronounce rancorous: RANG-kuh-ruhs
Phonetic transcription: / ˈræŋkərəs /
Meaning: Characterized by bitterness or resentment.
Example: Their rancorous dispute lasted for years.

Raspberry

How to pronounce raspberry: RAZ-ber-ee
Phonetic transcription: / ˈræzˌberi /
Meaning: A small, soft fruit that is typically red or black in color.
Example: She picked fresh raspberries from the garden.

Recalcitrant

How to pronounce recalcitrant: ree-KAL-si-truhnt
Phonetic transcription: / rɪˈkælsɪtrənt /
Meaning: Having an obstinately uncooperative attitude toward authority or discipline.
Example: The recalcitrant student refused to follow the rules.

Receipt

How to pronounce receipt: ree-seet
Phonetic transcription: / rəˈsiːt /
Meaning: A document that confirms a transaction or acknowledgment of payment.
Example: Please keep the receipt for warranty purposes.

Redolent

How to pronounce redolent: RED-uh-luhnt
Phonetic transcription: /ˈrɛdələnt/
Meaning: Strongly reminiscent or suggestive of something; fragrant.
Example: The garden was redolent with the scent of roses.

Redundant

How to pronounce redundant: ri-DUN-dant
Phonetic transcription: / rɪˈdʌndənt /
Meaning: Not or no longer needed or useful; superfluous.
Example: His redundant explanations only confused the issue.

Regime

How to pronounce regime: ruh-ZHEEM
Phonetic transcription: / rəˈʒiːm /
Meaning: A government or system of management.
Example: The regime implemented strict laws to control the population.

Rejuvenate

How to pronounce rejuvenate: ri-JOO-vuh-nate
Phonetic transcription: / rɪˈdʒuːvɪneɪt /
Meaning: To make someone or something look or feel younger, fresher, or more lively.
Example: A vacation can help rejuvenate your spirit.

Relinquish

How to pronounce relinquish: ri-LING-kwish
Phonetic transcription: / rɪˈlɪŋkwɪʃ /
Meaning: To voluntarily cease to keep or claim; give up.
Example: She decided to relinquish her position.

Remuneration

How to pronounce remuneration: ri-myoo-nuh-RAY-shun
Phonetic transcription: / rəˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃn̩ /
Meaning: Payment or compensation received for services or work performed.
Example: She was pleased with her remuneration for the project.

Rendezvous

How to pronounce rendezvous: RON-duh-voo
Phonetic transcription: / ˈrɑːndɪˌvuː /
Meaning: A planned meeting or gathering, especially for romantic purposes.
Example: They had a secret rendezvous at the café.

Reprobate

How to pronounce reprobate: REP-ruh-bate
Phonetic transcription: /ˈrɛprəˌbeɪt/
Meaning: An unprincipled person; often used humorously or affectionately.
Example: He was a charming reprobate, always getting into trouble.

Resilient

How to pronounce resilient: ri-ZIL-yuhnt
Phonetic transcription: / rɪˈzɪljənt /
Meaning: Able to withstand or recover quickly from difficult conditions.
Example: The community remained resilient after the storm.

Restaurateur

How to pronounce restaurateur: res-tuh-rer-uh-tuhr
Phonetic transcription: / ˌrestərəˈtɝː /
Meaning: A person who owns or manages a restaurant.
Example: The restaurateur proudly presented his new menu.

Reticent

How to pronounce reticent: RET-ih-suhnt
Phonetic transcription: / ˈrɛtɪsənt /
Meaning: Not revealing one’s thoughts or feelings readily.
Example: He was reticent about sharing his opinions.

Rhythm

How to pronounce rhythm: RITH-uhm
Phonetic transcription: / ˈrɪðəm /
Meaning: A repeated pattern of sounds or beats in music.
Example: The rhythm of the drums energized the crowd.

Sagacious

How to pronounce sagacious: suh-GAY-shuhs
Phonetic transcription: /səˈɡeɪʃəs/
Meaning: Having or showing keen mental discernment and good judgment.
Example: Her sagacious advice guided me through tough times.

Salient

How to pronounce salient: SAY-lee-uhnt
Phonetic transcription: /ˈseɪliənt/
Meaning: Most noticeable or important.
Example: The report highlighted the salient points for discussion.

Salmon

How to pronounce salmon: sam-un
Phonetic transcription: / ˈsæmən /
Meaning: A fish commonly consumed as food.
Example: She ordered salmon for dinner at the restaurant.

Sanguine

How to pronounce sanguine: san-gwin
Phonetic transcription: / ˈsæŋˌɡwɪn /
Meaning: Optimistic or hopeful, especially in difficult situations.
Example: Despite the challenges, he remained sanguine about the future.

Scapula

How to pronounce scapula: skap-yuh-luh
Phonetic transcription: / ˈskæpjələ /
Meaning: The bone commonly known as the shoulder blade.
Example: The doctor explained how the scapula connects to the arm.

Schadenfreude

How to pronounce schadenfreude: shah-dn-froid
Phonetic transcription: /ˈʃɑːd(ə)nˌfrɔɪdə/
Meaning: Pleasure derived from someone else’s misfortune.
Example: He felt a sense of schadenfreude when his rival failed.

Schedule

How to pronounce schedule: SKED-yool
Phonetic transcription: / ˈskedʒuːl /
Meaning: A plan for carrying out a process or event.
Example: She checked her schedule to see when the meeting was.

Scissors

How to pronounce scissors: SI-zuhrz
Phonetic transcription: / ˈsɪzərz /
Meaning: A tool for cutting, consisting of two blades.
Example: He used the scissors to cut the paper neatly.

Scrupulous

How to pronounce scrupulous: SKROO-pyuh-luhs
Phonetic transcription: / ˈskruːpjʊləs /
Meaning: Diligent, thorough, and extremely attentive to details.
Example: His scrupulous nature ensured quality work.

Serendipity

How to pronounce serendipity: ser-uhn-DIP-ih-tee
Phonetic transcription: / ˌsɛrənˈdɪpɪti /
Meaning: The occurrence of events by chance in a happy or beneficial way.
Example: Their meeting was pure serendipity.

Sesquipedalian

How to pronounce sesquipedalian: ses-kwi-pi-day-lee-un
Phonetic transcription: / ˌseskwɪpɪˈdeɪlɪən /
Meaning: Characterized by the use of long words.
Example: His sesquipedalian speech impressed the audience.

Sherbet

How to pronounce sherbet: sher-bit
Phonetic transcription: / ˈʃɝːbət /
Meaning: A frozen dessert similar to ice cream.
Example: She enjoyed a refreshing sherbet on a hot day.

Silicon

How to pronounce silicon: SIL-uh-kahn
Phonetic transcription: / ˈsɪləkən /
Meaning: A nonmetal element with atomic number 14.
Example: Silicon is widely used in electronics and technology.

Specifiable

How to pronounce specifiable: speh-SIHF-uh-buhl
Phonetic transcription: / ˌspesɪˈfaɪəbl̩ /
Meaning: Capable of being identified or defined clearly.
Example: The requirements for the project were clearly specifiable.

Specific

How to pronounce specific: spuh-SIHF-ik
Phonetic transcription: / spəˈsɪfɪk /
Meaning: Clearly defined or identified; not general.
Example: Please provide a specific example of your work.

Sphygmomanometer

How to pronounce sphygmomanometer: sfig-muh-muh-nom-uh-mee-ter
Phonetic transcription: /ˌsfɪɡməʊməˈnɒmɪtə/
Meaning: A device used to measure blood pressure.
Example: The doctor used a sphygmomanometer to check her blood pressure.

Squirrel

How to pronounce squirrel: skwur-el
Phonetic transcription: / ˈskwɜːrəl /
Meaning: A small rodent known for its bushy tail and agility.
Example: A squirrel climbed the tree quickly to escape the dog.

Status

How to pronounce status: STAY-tuhs
Phonetic transcription: / ˈstætəs /
Meaning: The standing or position of a person in relation to others.
Example: His status in the company improved after the promotion.

Stultiloquence

How to pronounce stultiloquence: stul-tuh-luh-kwens
Phonetic transcription: / stultiloquence /
Meaning: Foolish or nonsensical talk.
Example: The meeting was filled with stultiloquence rather than productive discussion.

Subtle

How to pronounce subtle: suht-l
Phonetic transcription: / ˈsʌtl̩ /
Meaning: Difficult to detect or analyze; precise.
Example: The artist used subtle colors to create depth in the painting.

Suite

How to pronounce suite: sweet
Phonetic transcription: / ˈswiːt /
Meaning: A set of connected rooms, typically in a hotel.
Example: They booked a luxury suite for their vacation.

Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious

How to pronounce supercalifragilisticexpialidocious: soo-per-kal-uh-fraj-uh-lihs-tik-es-pee-shuh-li-doh-shuhs
Phonetic transcription: / ˌsuːpəˌkælɪˌfrædʒɪˌlɪstɪkekspiˌælɪˈdəʊʃəs /
Meaning: Extremely good; extraordinary.
Example: The performance was simply supercalifragilisticexpialidocious!

Surfeit

How to pronounce surfeit: sur-fit
Phonetic transcription: / ˈsɜːfɪt /
Meaning: An excessive amount of something, often to the point of being overwhelming.
Example: There was a surfeit of food left over after the party.

Surreptitious

How to pronounce surreptitious: sur-uhp-TISH-uhs
Phonetic transcription: / ˌsɜːrəpˈtɪʃəs /
Meaning: Kept secret, especially because it would not be approved of.
Example: They made surreptitious plans to meet.

Syllogism

How to pronounce syllogism: sil-uh-jiz-uhm
Phonetic transcription: / ˈsɪlədʒɪzəm /
Meaning: A form of reasoning where a conclusion is drawn from two given or assumed propositions.
Example: The philosopher used a syllogism to illustrate his point.

Synecdoche

How to pronounce synecdoche: sin-ek-duh-kee
Phonetic transcription: / sɪˈnekdəkiː /
Meaning: A rhetorical device where a part represents the whole or vice versa.
Example: “All hands on deck” is an example of synecdoche.

Synergy

How to pronounce synergy: sin-uhr-jee
Phonetic transcription: / ˈsɪnədʒi /
Meaning: The combined effect of two or more elements that is greater than the sum of their individual effects.
Example: The team achieved greater synergy by collaborating on the project.

Tautology

How to pronounce tautology: taw-tol-uh-jee
Phonetic transcription: / tɔːˈtɒlədʒi /
Meaning: The unnecessary repetition of an idea or statement in different words.
Example: Saying “free gift” is an example of tautology.

Temperature

How to pronounce temperature: TEM-pruh-cher
Phonetic transcription: / ˈtemprətʃər /
Meaning: A measurement of how hot or cold something is.
Example: The temperature outside is quite chilly today.

Tenacious

How to pronounce tenacious: tuh-NAY-shuhs
Phonetic transcription: / təˈneɪʃəs /
Meaning: Holding fast; characterized by keeping a firm hold.
Example: Her tenacious spirit led her to success.

Ticklish

How to pronounce ticklish: TIK-lish
Phonetic transcription: / ˈtɪkəlɪʃ /
Meaning: Sensitive to touch; easily affected by tickling.
Example: She is very ticklish, especially on her feet.

Timbre

How to pronounce timbre: tahm-bur
Phonetic transcription: / ˈtæmbrə /
Meaning: The character or quality of a musical sound.
Example: The singer’s timbre was rich and full.

Tranquil

How to pronounce tranquil: TRANG-kwuhl
Phonetic transcription: / ˈtræŋkwɪl /
Meaning: Free from disturbance; calm.
Example: The lake was tranquil at dawn.

Triathlon

How to pronounce triathlon: try-ATH-lon
Phonetic transcription: / ˌtrɑːˈjæθlən /
Meaning: A multi-sport event involving swimming, cycling, and running.
Example: She trained hard for her first triathlon.

Triskaidekaphobia

How to pronounce triskaidekaphobia: tri-skay-dek-uh-foh-bee-uh
Phonetic transcription: / triskaidekaphobia /
Meaning: An irrational fear of the number thirteen.
Example: His triskaidekaphobia made him anxious on Friday the 13th.

Truculent

How to pronounce truculent: tru-kyuh-lent
Phonetic transcription: / ˈtrʌkjʊlənt /
Meaning: Eager to fight or argue; aggressive.
Example: His truculent demeanor made it hard to negotiate.

Ubiquitous

How to pronounce ubiquitous: yoo-bik-wit-us
Phonetic transcription: / juːˈbɪkwətəs /
Meaning: Present or existing everywhere.
Example: Smartphones have become ubiquitous in modern society.

Valet

How to pronounce valet: vuh-LAY
Phonetic transcription: / ˈvælɪt /
Meaning: A personal attendant who takes care of a man’s clothes and personal needs.
Example: The valet parked their car at the hotel.

Vehement

How to pronounce vehement: VEE-uh-muhnt
Phonetic transcription: / ˈviːəmənt /
Meaning: Showing strong feeling; forceful, passionate, or intense.
Example: He was vehement in his opposition to the proposal.

Vehicle

How to pronounce vehicle: VEE-uh-kuhl
Phonetic transcription: / ˈviːhɪkl̩ /
Meaning: A machine designed for transporting people or goods.
Example: They drove their new vehicle across the country.

Ventriloquist

How to pronounce ventriloquist: ven-tril-uh-kwist
Phonetic transcription: / ventˈrɪləkwɪst /
Meaning: A performer who can make their voice seem to come from a puppet.
Example: The ventriloquist entertained the audience with his dummy.

Verbose

How to pronounce verbose: vur-BOHS
Phonetic transcription: / vɜːrˈboʊs /
Meaning: Using more words than are needed; wordy.
Example: Her verbose explanation confused the audience.

Vicissitude

How to pronounce vicissitude: vis-uh-si-tood
Phonetic transcription: / vɪˈsɪsɪtjuːd /
Meaning: A change in circumstances, often undesirable.
Example: She faced many vicissitudes throughout her career.

Vindicate

How to pronounce vindicate: VIN-di-kate
Phonetic transcription: / ˈvɪndɪkeɪt /
Meaning: To clear someone of blame or suspicion.
Example: The evidence served to vindicate him.

Visceral

How to pronounce visceral: viss-er-ul
Phonetic transcription: / ˈvɪsərəl /
Meaning: Relating to deep feelings rather than intellectual reasoning.
Example: His visceral response showed how much he cared.

Voracious

How to pronounce voracious: vuh-RAY-shuhs
Phonetic transcription: / vəˈreɪʃəs /
Meaning: Wanting or devouring great quantities of food; having a very eager approach to an activity.
Example: She had a voracious appetite for reading.

Wednesday

How to pronounce Wednesday: wed-nuhz-day
Phonetic transcription: / ˈwenzdeɪ /
Meaning: The third day of the week.
Example: We have a meeting scheduled for Wednesday.

Whiplash

How to pronounce whiplash: whip-lash
Phonetic transcription: / ˈwɪplæʃ /
Meaning: An injury to the neck caused by a sudden jerk.
Example: She suffered whiplash after the car accident.

Wintry

How to pronounce wintry: WIN-tree
Phonetic transcription: / ˈwɪntri /
Meaning: Related to or characteristic of winter.
Example: The wintry landscape was covered in snow.

Wisteria

How to pronounce wisteria: wis-teer-ee-uh
Phonetic transcription: / wɪˈstɪərɪə /
Meaning: A climbing plant known for its beautiful flowers.
Example: The garden was adorned with blooming wisteria.

Wistful

How to pronounce wistful: WIST-fuhl
Phonetic transcription: / ˈwɪstfəl /
Meaning: Having or showing a feeling of vague or regretful longing.
Example: She gazed out the window with a wistful expression.

Worcestershire

How to pronounce Worcestershire: wuss-tuhr-sheer
Phonetic transcription: / wʊstə/
Meaning: A type of savory brown sauce.
Example: She added Worcestershire sauce to the marinade.

Xylophone

How to pronounce xylophone: zy-luh-fohn
Phonetic transcription: / ˈzaɪləˌfoʊn /
Meaning: A musical instrument consisting of wooden bars struck by mallets.
Example: The musician played a beautiful melody on the xylophone.

Yacht

How to pronounce yacht: yot
Phonetic transcription: / jɒt /
Meaning: A medium-sized sailing or motor vessel, often used for leisure.
Example: They spent the weekend sailing on their yacht.

Yolk

How to pronounce yolk: yohk
Phonetic transcription: / joʊk /
Meaning: The yellow part of an egg.
Example: The yolk is rich in nutrients and flavor.

Zephyr

How to pronounce zephyr: zef-er
Phonetic transcription: / ˈzefə /
Meaning: A gentle, mild breeze.
Example: A soft zephyr rustled the leaves in the trees.

Zucchini

How to pronounce zucchini: zoo-KEE-nee
Phonetic transcription: / zuːˈkiːni /
Meaning: A type of green squash often used in cooking.
Example: She grilled zucchini as a side dish for dinner.

What Makes English Words Hard to Pronounce?

Several factors make English words difficult to pronounce. One is the inconsistent spelling-to-sound rules in English, where the same letters can have different sounds. Words like “through” and “though” are spelled similarly but pronounced differently. Another challenge are words with silent letters, such as the “b” in “subtle” or the “k” in “knight.”

Stress patterns and word emphasis also cause difficulties. English places stress on certain syllables, and getting it wrong can change a word’s meaning, like “record” (noun) vs. “record” (verb). Some sounds in English, like the “th” in “thought” or “l” in “salmon,” are also tricky for non-native speakers.

Finally, English borrows from many languages, introducing unique sounds and spellings, making words like “pneumonia” or “bourgeois” hard to pronounce.

Tongue Tired?

You’ve made it through 411+ words that are hard to pronounce in English — how did you do? Hopefully, you found some of these difficult words easier than you expected.

If any words still have you stumped, don’t worry! Pronunciation takes practice, and even native speakers struggle with these words from time to time. Keep working on those tricky sounds, and you’ll master them in no time.

If you want to further challenge your pronunciation skills, check out the longest words in English or have a go at some of these tongue twisters. Happy speaking!